SATURDAY 08 AUGUST 2020

SAT 01:00 BBC News (w172x5nxxrc6shq)
The latest five minute news bulletin from BBC World Service.


SAT 01:06 Business Matters (w172x18vvqq00lm)
US Congress' last-ditch talks on virus stimulus fail

Last-ditch negotiations at the US Congress to forge another stimulus package for the coronavirus-ravaged economy have collapsed in stalemate. Democrats and Republicans remain at odds over everything from unemployment benefits to financial aid for schools to cash injections for states' coffers. Meanwhile, President Trump has suggested he may unilaterally extend the federal enhanced unemployment benefit system. New York Times reporter Emily Badger explains why black Americans would be most hit if the programme wasn't extended. Also in the programme, we'll get the latest on President Trump's threats to companies dealing with Chinese firms WeChat and TikTok. And we'll hear from our sister programme Marketplace about how the coronavirus pandemic is shifting attitudes towards service robots.

All through the show we'll be joined by Colin Peacock of Radio New Zealand.

(Picture: U.S. Speaker of the House Rep. Nancy Pelosi and Senate Minority Leader Sen. Chuck Schumer. Picture credit: Getty images.)


SAT 02:00 BBC News (w172x5nxxrc6x7v)
The latest five minute news bulletin from BBC World Service.


SAT 02:06 The Newsroom (w172x7b8xnhsnnz)
The world's Newsroom brings you global events as they happen


SAT 02:30 BBC News Summary (w172x5prcgyx8j7)
The latest two minute news summary from BBC World Service.


SAT 02:32 Stumped (w3cszhjh)
Ireland's Green Machine

On Stumped this week, Alison Mitchell is back in the Old Trafford bio-bubble, as England - fresh from beating the West Indies - take on Pakistan in another three-Test series. Alison, Jim Maxwell and Charu Sharma will be speaking to the PCB's Chief Executive Officer Wasim Khan. And they'll be joined by Ireland's High Performance Director Richard Holdsworth after his side recorded their highest successful run chase in One Day Internationals against world champions England.

Image: Harry Tector of Ireland celebrates victory watched on by Saqib Mahmood of England during the Third One Day International between England and Ireland (Getty Images)


SAT 03:00 BBC News (w172x5nxxrc70zz)
The latest five minute news bulletin from BBC World Service.


SAT 03:06 The Fifth Floor (w3cszjhc)
The teenager who took on the Taliban

A teenage Afghan girl was recently celebrated as a hero, and photos of her holding an AK47 widely circulated, after she killed two Taliban fighters who attacked her home. But Firuz Rahimi of BBC Uzbek – himself from Afghanistan – shares the story behind the story, revealing the complexity of Afghan life and loyalties.

Unmasking the masks
Nasobuco, barbijo, tapabocas and mascarilla – the proliferation of words for facemasks in Latin America, with BBC Monitoring journalist Rafael Rojas in Miami.

When monuments say more than ministries
Olga Ivshina tells us about a BBC Russian investigation into what the new names being added to war memorials can reveal about military operations in the absence of government information.

Indian Matchmaking
Indian Matchmaking is a Netflix show featuring an elite matchmaker seeking suitable matches for clients in India and the US. It’s been a hit, but also controversial, as the BBC's Geeta Pandey explains.

Journey to the Carpathians
Roman Lebed of BBC Ukrainian takes us to the Carpathian Mountains, where he recently reported on devastating floods. He tells us about the people he met, now trying to rebuild their lives, and explains why the Carpathians are so close to his heart.

Image: Qamar Gul, Afghan girl holding AK47
Credit: Social media


SAT 03:50 Witness History (w3cszmv7)
The American who put women's rights in the Japanese constitution

In November 1946, Emperor Hirohito proclaimed a new post-war constitution for Japan which contained clauses establishing women's rights for the first time. They were the brainchild of Beate Sirota Gordon, a young American woman working for the Allied occupying forces. Simon Watts tells her story using interviews from the BBC archives.

PHOTO: Beate Sirota Gordon in Japan in 1946 (Family Collection)


SAT 04:00 BBC News (w172x5nxxrc74r3)
The latest five minute news bulletin from BBC World Service.


SAT 04:06 The Real Story (w3cszcn7)
What is Covid doing to the Amazon?

The coronavirus pandemic is having a growing impact on life in the Brazilian Amazon. Half a million indigenous people still live in often remote rainforest communities, yet many are still contracting Covid-19 and dying. The Munduruku people have already lost ten of their elders to the virus, a situation observers describe as akin to the destruction of a library or museum - so important are the ‘sábios’ - or sages - in passing on the community’s cultural heritage. The virus is also thought to have harmed anti-logging, anti-burning and anti-mining efforts around the rain-forest, with Brazil’s space agency identifying a large increase in the number of fires burning during the month of July compared to last year. This year the government has authorised the deployment of the military to combat deforestation and forest fires and also banned the setting of fires in the region for 120 days. But President Bolsonaro’s critics accuse him of underplaying the impact of coronavirus on the Amazon region and even exploiting the crisis for political gain. So is enough being done to support the country’s indigenous peoples? Will the Covid-19 speed up the clearing of the rainforest? And how is the crisis adding to the already volatile and polarised Brazilian political landscape? Ritula Shah and a panel of expert guests discuss what the virus is doing to Brazil's Amazon region.


SAT 05:00 BBC News (w172x5nxxrc78h7)
The latest five minute news bulletin from BBC World Service.


SAT 05:06 The Newsroom (w172x7b8xnht0xc)
The world's Newsroom brings you global events as they happen


SAT 05:30 BBC News Summary (w172x5prcgyxmrm)
The latest two minute news summary from BBC World Service.


SAT 05:32 Trending (w3cszvs2)
Did a state news agency troll its critics?

The people in charge wanted state-run news agency Notimex to become the “BBC of Mexico”. And after President Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador was elected in 2018, he appointed people who took on that mission. But now the agency has been rocked by allegations that it targeted online abuse at former employees and critical independent journalists.

An investigation by three organisations alleges that people among the most senior Notimex executives orchestrated the use of fake accounts to attack people they didn’t like. We find out how the trolling campaigns worked, speak to people who have been at the receiving end of the messages, and even talk to someone who admits they were told to carry out orders from the top.

Presenter: Reha Kansara
Producer: Marcos Martinez

Picture: Photo illustration of an anonymous troll
Picture credit: Getty Images


SAT 05:50 James Naughtie’s Letter to America (w3ct0whp)
Letter six

The dominant power in the 20th century, America’s alliances and rivalries now look so different.


SAT 06:00 BBC News (w172x5nxxrc7d7c)
The latest five minute news bulletin from BBC World Service.


SAT 06:06 The Documentary (w3ct03ck)
The Malawi tapes

A race is on to save thousands of tapes of traditional Malawian music in danger of disintegrating in the archives of state broadcaster, Malawi Broadcasting Corporation.

The old reel-to-reel tapes date back to the 1930s, '40s, '50s and '60s and were recorded in towns and villages all over Malawi and in the MBC studios. The folk songs, traditional chants, dances and contemporary music of the time all provide a snapshot of Malawi’s social and musical history.

One of Malawi’s biggest musicians Faith Mussa – himself increasingly using traditional instruments, rhythms and harmonies in his own music - is our guide.

Waliko Makhala is a musician, ethno-musicologist and MBC journalist. He’s spearheading a digitisation project - aided by a donation of an old tape machine sitting idle in a mountain Cold War-era bunker in Norway.

The digitisation project also wants to ensure new, younger audiences get to appreciate the richness of the traditional music so Waliko also hosts a weekly radio programme.

And Faith has got together with other young musicians - in a band called Takula - and come up with their own reinterpretations of the old music.

We are in the archives to learn about Malawi’s musical heritage – including the role of migration and women. And we meet Park Town Band, a group with a fascinating 80-year history that revolves around an accordion – and which was recorded by MBC almost 50 years ago.

Presenter: Faith Mussa
Producer: Penny Dale and Rob Wilson

(Photo: Park Town Band performing the honala dance. Credit: Penny Dale)


SAT 07:00 BBC News (w172x5nxxrc7hzh)
The latest five minute news bulletin from BBC World Service.


SAT 07:06 Business Weekly (w3ct0snw)
A veteran scientist's view on the planet's future

Lockdowns around the world has seen our energy usage plunge, but as restrictions ease will countries build back better? On Business Weekly we get the view of veteran scientist James Lovelock as he celebrates his 101st birthday. We ask him his predictions for planet earth.

We also head to Ghana, where we take a look at efforts to reinvigorate the economy by attracting disillusioned African Americans to visit and start a new life there.
Plus, if you’re missing watching you’re favourite bands, some artists are coming up with novel ways to get around bans on concerts.

(Image: A climate change protest in Washington D.C. Credit: Getty Images.).


SAT 08:00 BBC News (w172x5nxxrc7mqm)
The latest five minute news bulletin from BBC World Service.


SAT 08:06 From Our Own Correspondent (w3csz9pt)
Beirut seeks answers

Whole neighbourhoods in Beirut were blown away at the explosion at the port on Tuesday. With it, the blast took homes, work places and lives. As the rescue effort has now slowed, focus has turned to those who bear the responsibility for the devastation. Lizzie Porter examines the aftermath.

The rate of coronavirus infections in South Africa has been steadily climbing, nudging the country into the company of the US, Brazil, Russia and India in terms of world highs. The country has now surpassed half a million cases. But the fuller picture is one of contradiction. There is an indication that the measures to contain the virus are working, on some level. And then, as Andrew Harding has experienced, the pandemic has also exposed what definitely isn’t working in South Africa.

Iran has seen a significant surge in Covid-19 infections since mid-May, causing some restrictions to be reinstated. However, the severity of the outbreak has been difficult to assess and there are concerns that the situation has been significantly worse than the government has reported. Behind the death tolls, though, are the Iranian people and the lives lost – as Jiyar Gol is all too aware.

After weeks of lockdown, France’s roads will be clogged as the summer exodus gets underway. But, as Chris Bockman has heard, it is also an ugly reminder of another annual summer trend that the French have become known for. According to a recent campaign, they are the European champions for abandoning their pets.

Presenter: Pascale Harter
Producer: Bethan Head
Editor: Bridget Harney


SAT 08:30 BBC News Summary (w172x5prcgyy000)
The latest two minute news summary from BBC World Service.


SAT 08:32 The Documentary (w3ct0x1m)
Black Music in Europe

Before the war

Clarke Peters examines the variety of black music recorded in Europe from the late 1920s onwards - hot jazz in Weimar Berlin, calypso in Cardiff Bay and the sounds of the Beguine in Paris. He also investigates the Degenerate Music exhibition held in Dusseldorf in 1938, and hears how the rise of Hitler affected the lives of musicians like trumpeter Arthur Briggs.

(Photo: Clark Peters. Credit:: Alexandra Quinn)


SAT 09:00 BBC News (w172x5nxxrc7rgr)
The latest five minute news bulletin from BBC World Service.


SAT 09:06 The Newsroom (w172x7b8xnhthww)
The world's Newsroom brings you global events as they happen


SAT 09:30 BBC News Summary (w172x5prcgyy3r4)
The latest two minute news summary from BBC World Service.


SAT 09:32 United Zingdom (w3ct0wl3)
United Zingdom

'Speaking Welsh is vibrant and cool'

“People have had to really fight to keep the language alive, which is why it’s vibrant now”. Zing heads to Cardiff to meet Lisa Angharad, host of possibly the first ever sex podcast in Welsh – Siarad Secs. Lisa wants to provide young Welsh speakers with frank, open discussions “in the language they have sex in, and have those chats with their mates in”. Lisa is also a singer, and says that a love of music, singing and harmonising is at the heart of Welsh identity: “If you’re happy, joyous, grieving, whatever – music is something we gravitate towards.” She's proudly Welsh, and doesn't feel "an ounce British" - she tells Zing why.


SAT 09:50 Over to You (w3cszf4m)
Getting down to business with Covid-19

How has business coverage on the BBC World Service tackled the unprecedented situation in the wake of Covid-19? Has it been tough enough on bankers and politicians? Listeners ask if there has been an over emphasis on western economies? We talk to the World Service’s business editor.
Plus technical gremlins for both Science in Action and The Inquiry - we find out what went wrong.

Presenter: Rajan Datar
Producer: Howard Shannon


SAT 10:00 BBC News (w172x5nxxrc7w6w)
The latest five minute news bulletin from BBC World Service.


SAT 10:06 Sportshour (w172x3bwrw0rp0l)
"I asked myself ‘if it’s not me, then who is it?’”

I asked myself ‘if it’s not me, then who is it?’” - Farid Noori on his dream of becoming the first mountain biker from Afghanistan to compete at an Olympics.
Farid Noori grew up as a refugee in Pakistan after his family fled the Taliban when he was just two years old. He tells us about his early life in Pakistan, his return to Afghanistan and how he’s hoping to grow the sport in his homeland. Noori recalls going to school in a Unicef tent and being able to see rocket shells and debris that were left over from the war. He remembers learning to ride a bike while waiting in line for bread and he says he hopes his own Olympic ambitions can help pave the way for other athletes from Afghanistan.

“I thought my career was over at seventeen and to have gone through this a second time is pretty brutal” – Annabelle Lindsay on the rule change that has ended her international wheelchair basketball career. Lindsay is one of a number of athletes, who have been told their disabilities no longer meet the new eligibility criteria set down by the International Paralympic Committee. She had been hoping to represent Australia at next year’s Paralympics and says the rule change could also see her lose her university scholarship in America. Lindsay took up wheelchair basketball after a serious knee-injury after a teenager ended her hopes of playing basketball.

This week saw Australian athletes past and present including – Mitchell Starc, Alyssa Healy, Julie Murray and Bronte Campbell - sleep at the Sydney Cricket Ground to raise funds for homeless young people. ‘Sports Stars Sleepout’ was organised by the Chappell Foundation and its founder – the former Australia cricketer Greg Chappell – joins us to discuss the success of the event and the inspiration behind it.

Sporting Witness remembers the late Junko Tabei, who back in 1975 became the first woman to reach the summit of Mount Everest. As well as being an achievement in its own right, Tabei had to defy the cultural norms in her home country of Japan where women were not expected to be world-class mountaineers.

And – with live sport continuing we found out what's happening at the second test match between England and Pakistan and we check in on the latest at the World Snooker Championship.

Photo: Farid Noori takes part in a mountain biking event (Credit: Farid Noori)


SAT 11:00 BBC News (w172x5nxxrc7zz0)
The latest five minute news bulletin from BBC World Service.


SAT 11:06 The Newsroom (w172x7b8xnhtrd4)
The world's Newsroom brings you global events as they happen


SAT 11:30 BBC News Summary (w172x5prcgyyc7d)
The latest two minute news summary from BBC World Service.


SAT 11:32 The Documentary (w3ct0wp8)
On The Front Line with Karachi’s Ambulance Drivers

Karachi's ambulance drivers

In Karachi, with a population of around 20 million people, ambulance drivers are on the front lines of this megacity’s shifting conflicts. Samira Shackle joins one of these drivers, Muhammad Safdar, on his relentless round of call-outs.

Safdar gets an emergency call out: a six-storey building has collapsed in Gollimore. There are many injured. Arriving at the scene, full of noise and chaos, Samira is witness to the scale of the problems Karachi is yet to overcome.

As a first-responder for more than fifteen years, Safdar has witnessed Karachi wracked by gang wars, political violence and terrorism. At the height of the unrest, the number of fatalities was often overwhelming. Then a harsh crackdown by the army and the police, beginning in 2014, brought the conflict under control. Following this, Safdar and others like him have seen drastic changes in the nature of their work.

With no state ambulance service in Pakistan, the Edhi Foundation, set up by the late Abdul Sattar Edhi in 1954, stepped in to offer services to the poor. Safdar drives one of its fleet of four hundred ambulances: rudimentary converted vans with basic emergency provision. His missions bring him to many of Karachi’s most deprived and troubled areas, revealing the complex social and economic problems at the heart of the country.

As Samira and Safdar traverse this enormous city, their experiences reveal a remarkable story of life and death in contemporary Pakistan.

Photo: Muhammad Safdar Credit: BBC


SAT 12:00 BBC News (w172x5nxxrc83q4)
The latest five minute news bulletin from BBC World Service.


SAT 12:06 Music Life (w3csz6t5)
Obsessed with production with Jehnny Beth and Kelly Lee Owens

Jehnny Beth, frontwoman of noise queens Savages and now a solo artist, leads the discussion with three thought-provoking and inspirational musicians.

Kelly Lee Owens is one of the most exciting DJs and electronic producers right now, a Welsh musician who’s collaborated with the likes of St. Vincent, Bjork, Jenny Hval, and Jon Hopkins. Jessy Lanza is an an electronic songwriter, producer, and vocalist from Ontario, Canada. A former music teacher, she grew up playing piano and clarinet, before going on to study jazz and eventually finding her feet in electronic music. And finally, Tei Shi is a Colombian-Canadian singer, songwriter, and record producer born in Buenos Aires, but now based in LA. She’s jokingly described her work as "mermaid music".

Together, they discuss the history of the studio gear they use, positions they record vocals in the studio, watching films to get inspiration, and the difficulties of recording animals.


SAT 13:00 BBC News (w172x5nxxrc87g8)
The latest five minute news bulletin from BBC World Service.


SAT 13:06 Newshour (w172x2ytd8vyf2v)
Beirut explosion: Thousands take to the streets to vent anger against their leaders

Thousands of Lebanese are expected to take to the streets of Beirut today to vent their anger at the government and remember those who died in Tuesday's devastating explosion. The march -- which will also commemorate the victims -- will go from one of the worst hit districts to Martyrs' Square.

Also in the programme: Mauritius declares emergency as stranded ship leaks oil; and we ask why the Latino community in Texas is bearing the brunt of the coronavirus pandemic.

Picture: Anti-government protesters clash with Riot police during an anti-government protest in front of the Ministry of Energy at Emile Lahoud Avenue northern Beirut, Lebanon, 04 August 2020. Credit: EPA/NABIL MOUNZER.


SAT 14:00 BBC News (w172x5nxxrc8c6d)
The latest five minute news bulletin from BBC World Service.


SAT 14:06 The Documentary (w3ct0wzj)
The Bomb

In a moment of terrible inspiration, a little-known Hungarian scientist called Leo Szilard uncovers the destructive possibilities of an atomic bomb.

Fearing the Nazis would figure out how to produce the bomb first, Szilard turns to his friend Albert Einstein to help convince the US President to invest in a uranium research programme.

That programme becomes the Manhattan Project, and as America tries to end World War Two, Szilard fears his vision is about to become reality.

Recruiting other scientists from across the Manhattan Project he launches a campaign to save the world from the horror of a nuclear bomb.

A campaign that will fail on 6 August 1945, when the United States drops an atomic bomb on Hiroshima.

For Emily Strasser this is a personal story. Her grandfather worked on the Manhattan Project. All her life she has been grappling with what her grandfather was a part of, and how she is meant to feel about it today.


SAT 15:00 BBC News (w172x5nxxrc8gyj)
The latest five minute news bulletin from BBC World Service.


SAT 15:06 Sportsworld (w172x3l8rffz0lv)
The return of the Champions League

The Champions League is back, beginning with the completion of the second leg of the Round of 16 matches. Sportsworld will bring you all the reaction from Friday night's matches between Manchester City against Real Madrid and Juventus against Lyon. Plus we'll have the build up to Saturday's fixtures between Chelsea and Bayern Munich and Barcelona and Napoli.

Sportsworld also brings you the story of two women who became Olympic champions, on the eve of what should have been the Olympic closing ceremony in Tokyo.

And we'll have the latest from the golf, the cricket and the Formula 1, which celebrates it's 70 year anniversary this weekend.

Photo credit: Champions League trophy (Getty Images)


SAT 18:00 BBC News (w172x5nxxrc8v5x)
The latest five minute news bulletin from BBC World Service.


SAT 18:06 The Newsroom (w172x7b8xnhvlm1)
The world's Newsroom brings you global events as they happen


SAT 18:30 BBC News Summary (w172x5prcgyz6g9)
The latest two minute news summary from BBC World Service.


SAT 18:32 Trending (w3cszvs2)
[Repeat of broadcast at 05:32 today]


SAT 18:50 James Naughtie’s Letter to America (w3ct0whp)
[Repeat of broadcast at 05:50 today]


SAT 19:00 BBC News (w172x5nxxrc8yy1)
The latest five minute news bulletin from BBC World Service.


SAT 19:06 The Documentary (w3ct0wzj)
[Repeat of broadcast at 14:06 today]


SAT 20:00 BBC News (w172x5nxxrc92p5)
The latest five minute news bulletin from BBC World Service.


SAT 20:06 The Arts Hour (w3cszk34)
Ai Weiwei on his new artwork History of Bombs

This week on The Arts Hour with Nikki Bedi: Chinese dissident artist Ai Weiwei on his installation, 'History of Bombs'; British actor and poet Jade Anouka on Her and Her, a short film made entirely in lockdown; and Irenosen Okojie, winner of the 2020 Caine Prize for African writing on her short story Grace Jones.

British actor Gemma Arterton on the UK cinema release of her film, Summerland; author Avni Doshi reflects on the difficult mother-daughter relationship in her Booker Prize nominated novel Burnt Sugar; and music from Texan soul duo Black Pumas.

Nikki's special guest is Irish Canadian novelist, playwright and screenwriter Emma Donoghue. Academy Award nominated for the film adaptation of her own bestseller, Room, she very presciently set her latest novel, The Pull Of The Stars, in the Great Flu pandemic of 1918.

(Photo: Ai Weiwei. Credit: John MacDougall/AFP/Getty Images)


SAT 21:00 BBC News (w172x5nxxrc96f9)
The latest five minute news bulletin from BBC World Service.


SAT 21:06 Newshour (w172x2ytd8vzd1w)
Angry Beirut protesters storm government buildings

Protesters in Beirut have stormed government ministries during a fresh demonstration over Tuesday's huge explosion that left at least 158 dead.

Also on the eve of the Presidential elections in Belarus police again detain the the campaign manager of the main opposition candidate..

And could reforms to the US Postal Service affect mail-in voting in the November election?

(Photo: Dozens of protesters entered the foreign ministry in Beirut)


SAT 22:00 BBC News (w172x5nxxrc9b5f)
The latest five minute news bulletin from BBC World Service.


SAT 22:06 From Our Own Correspondent (w3csz9pt)
[Repeat of broadcast at 08:06 today]


SAT 22:30 BBC News Summary (w172x5prcgyzpft)
The latest two minute news summary from BBC World Service.


SAT 22:32 Outlook (w3cszf03)
When trash met thrash: Paraguay's landfill musicians

The Recycled Orchestra run by Favio Chavez, began as a safe haven for kids living in the Cateura slum. It turned into a global phenomenon when it caught the attention of rock royalty and actual royalty around the world. Playing instruments made from the trash thrown away at the local landfill site, teenagers who once only knew the streets around their homes now travel across the planet performing with bands like Megadeth, Metallica and Stevie Wonder. But despite their success, they still play the same instruments made of garbage and remain in the shanty town, putting everything they make back into their community.

Archive in this programme is from the documentary Landfill Harmonic.

Presenter: Clayton Conn
Producer: Mariana Des Forges

Picture: Favio Chavez
Credit: Landfill Harmonic Movie


SAT 23:00 BBC News (w172x5nxxrc9fxk)
The latest five minute news bulletin from BBC World Service.


SAT 23:06 The Newsroom (w172x7b8xnhw6bp)
The world's Newsroom brings you global events as they happen


SAT 23:30 BBC News Summary (w172x5prcgyzt5y)
The latest two minute news summary from BBC World Service.


SAT 23:32 The Why Factor (w3csytzk)
Why is it so hard to get people to pay tax?

Our attitude to taxation is determined by a wide range of factors: whether we think our neighbours are tax dodgers, how much control we have over how funds are spent and even our gender, age and religious beliefs. Nastaran Tavakoli-Far hears tales of tax avoidance by the world’s super-rich and finds out how governments around the world are using simple ‘nudge’ techniques to get people to feel positive about paying up.

Guests:
Carla Gericke, President Emeritus of the Free State Project
Brooke Harrington, Professor of Sociology, Dartmouth College
Stewart Kettle, Senior Advisor at the Behavioural Insights Team
Jan-Emmanuel De Neve, Associate Professor of Economics and Strategy at Saïd Business School
Benno Torgler, Professor of Economics in the School of Economics and Finance, QUT
Kelly Sarri, filmmaker

Photo: Calculating Tax
Credit: Getty Images


SAT 23:50 More or Less (w3ct0pxn)
Melting Antarctic ice

One More or Less listener has heard that if all the ice in Antarctica melted, global sea levels would rise by 70 metres. But it would take 361 billion tonnes of ice to raise the world's sea levels by just 1 millimetre.

So how much ice is in Antarctica? And in the coming years, what impact might temperature changes have on whether it remains frozen?

(Gentoo penguins on top of an iceberg at King George Island, Antarctica 2020. Credit: Alessandro Dahan/Getty Images)