The latest national and international news from BBC Radio 4. Followed by Weather.

In the final episode of The Odyssey Project, Radio 4's Poet in residence, who has curated and introduced the series, reads his take on Odysseus's homecoming. He takes on the suitors who have been feasting at his expense and pestering his wife for her hand in marriage, so they can take over his land. It's a bloody scene that ends with Odysseus and his man slaying every suitor. In Nagra's poem, his protagonist, Daag, a modern day migrant living in Sheffield, returns to his village home in the Punjab to reclaim his wife. To reclaim his wife from the men of the ruling caste who have exploited the corrupt region by running their own harem and gambling den. Daag is from the knife-cutter caste, he has plenty of blades and, in a Bollywood way, knows how to handle them.

Producer: Julian May.

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The latest shipping forecast.

The latest news from BBC Radio 4.

A reading and a reflection to start the day, with George Craig, a retired senior civil servant and a Methodist local preacher in Cardiff.

iPM is the news programme that starts with its listeners. Email ipm@bbc.co.uk. Twitter: @BBCiPM. Presented by Luke Jones and Eddie Mair.

The latest news headlines. Including a look at the papers.

The latest weather forecast.

Sherwood Forest in Nottinghamshire is home to one of our most enduring legends, that of Robin Hood. David Lindo learns how the man in green tights who stole from the rich and gave to the poor is still important to the people who live within the Sherwood Forest area, and to the many visitors who come here. The truth about the man behind the legend remains in dispute but the ancient oak trees remain. Some, like the Major Oak, are up to one thousand years old and need support to remain standing. They provide precious dead wood habitat for many species and this is one reason why the RSPB are taking over the management of the national nature reserve and building a brand new visitor centre to help people understand how precious this ancient habitat is.

The forest landscape was created and preserved by medieval Kings and David visits King John's Palace in Kings Clipstone to find out how the ruins we see there today could be part of a much bigger story about the real time in which Robin and his Merry Men would have roamed the woods. And Robin Hood is also the inspiration for Sherwood's anti-fracking campaigners, they fear that trees like the Major Oak could be affected if planned seismic surveys in the wider area lead to drilling for shale gas.

The latest news about food, farming and the countryside.

The latest weather forecast.

News and current affairs. Including Sports Desk, Weather and Thought for the Day.

Extraordinary stories, unusual people and a sideways look at the world.

Jay Rayner and the panel visit Chelmsford in Essex. Zoe Laughlin, Sue Lawrence, Rachel McCormack and Tim Hayward answer the questions.

This week, the panellists reveal their most successful - and unsuccessful - ventures with toast. They also provide everything you knead to know about flour and have a bubbly conversation about carbonated drinks.

Producer: Darby Dorras
Assistant Producer: Laurence Bassett

Food consultant: Anna Colquhoun

A Somethin' Else production for BBC Radio 4.

Anushka Asthana of the Guardian looks behind the scenes at Westminster.
The editor is Peter Mulligan.

Reports from writers and journalists around the world. Presented by Kate Adie.

The latest national and international news from BBC Radio 4.

The latest news from the world of personal finance.

Miles is joined by Hugo Rifkind, Katy Brand, Rich Hall and Kiri Pritchard-McLean.

A revisiting of the week in general electioneering as well as some vital learning from grandmas about how to throw a basketball properly.

Producer: Richard Morris
A BBC Studios Production.

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The latest news from BBC Radio 4.

Jonathan Dimbleby presents political debate from Blantyre Old Parish Church in South Lanarkshire with the Labour peer Lord Falconer, the Minister for Social Security in the Scottish Government Jeane Freeman MSP, Director General of the Institute of Economic Affairs Mark Littlewood and Professor Adam Tomkins MSP Shadow Cabinet Secretary for Communities, Social Security, the Constitution and Equalities.

Any Answers after the Saturday broadcast of Any Questions?. Email any.answers@bbc.co.uk. Tweet,#BBCAQ. Follow us @bbcanyquestions.

Presenter Anita Anand
Producer Beverley Purcell
Editor Eleanor Garland.

by Jack Rosenthal
adapted for radio by Amy Rosenthal

1996 and it's interview day at Cambridge University. As well as nerves, hopefuls Pippa from Cheltenham and Neil from Blackburn must also endure the embarrassment of their parents' company. But as the day progresses, it's seems it's not the children who are most in need of help.............

Written by Jack Rosenthal
Adapted for radio by Amy Rosenthal

Produced and directed by Marion Nancarrow

Playwright Amy Rosenthal's father, Jack, was a prolific and much-loved dramatist and this is the first of two linked comedy dramas he wrote in the 1990s ("Cold Enough for Snow" follows next Saturday). Amy has adapted her father's dramas for radio and written a new drama, "Thin Ice", inspired by what happened when she went to University. It follows "Cold Enough for Snow" in the drama slot at 2.15 on Monday 8th May.

A stellar cast includes Ben Miles (Wolf Hall, The Crown), Pooky Quesnel (The A Word), Nicholas Gleaves (Scott & Bailey) and Lucy Robinson (Cold Feet). Real-life father and son, Timothy and Samuel West, guest star as fictional father and son, James and Simon. Simon's a University lecturer trying to juggle interviews and persuade his father to go into a home. But his father is not quite ready to give in yet....
The potential Cambridge students are played by Rosie Day (Outlander; Screen International Star of Tomorrow) and David Moorst (Winner of the Emerging Talent Award at the London Evening Standard Theatre Awards 2015).

Acclaimed singer and Ella Fitzgerald devotee, Mara Carlyle, examines the life and vocal magnificence of the most beloved of jazz singers - marking the centenary of her birth.

Mara visits Harlem to trace Ella's ascent from humble origins to becoming one of America's greatest stars, exploring the voice that transformed her fortunes and changed the face of jazz forever.

She's joined by a host of singers including opera queen Jessye Norman, Dianne Reeves, Emiliana Torrini, ESKA, and her own aunt, jazz singer Norma Winstone.

Mara examines the magic of Ella's vocal prowess - her pure, clear tone, impeccable phrasing, virtuosic improvisation, and her tender expression of human emotion - that has kept audiences captivated since her auspicious debut at New York's Apollo Theater.

Produced by Zakia Sewell and Tobias Withers
A Cast Iron Radio production for BBC Radio 4.

The Tennessee singer-songwriter Valerie June performs a track from her latest album The Order of Time.

Are sex robots a danger to human intimacy? The race in on to develop the first commercial sex robot for the mass market, the journalist Jenny Kleeman describes what they look like and how they work and Dr Kathleen Richardson, Senior Research Fellow in the Ethics of Robotics and Dr Kate Devlin senior lecturer in computing discuss if they are the ultimate in sexual objectification or an opportunity to improve of experience of sex?

The Women's Institute has opened a branch in a women's prison. Countess Bathurst, the former High Sheriff of Gloucestershire, is one of the founders of the group at HMP Eastwood Park. She tells us alongside Jenny Earle, is the Programme Director for reducing women's imprisonment at the Prison Reform Trust, the benefits of such a group in prison.

A 'Please Offer Me a Seat' badge for those less able to stand on public transport is launched. We hear from Amanda, a cervical cancer survivor who still experiences pain following radical surgery and Amy who suffers from Lupus, on the challenges they face on public transport with a hidden illness.

We hear from Rachel Malik on her debut novel Miss Boston and Miss Hargreaves. It tells the story of Rachel's grandmother who abandoned her children, lived as a lesbian and was tried for murder.

What's the impact on grandparents when adult children decide to take their young family and move abroad. We hear from Mary whose son and daughter-in-law are taking their three young children to Auckland and Helen Russell a British mum who now lives in Denmark and clinical psychologist Dr Angharad Rudkin offer some advice.

Lady MacBeth is a film about a women in a loveless marriage set in 19th century rural Northumberland. It stars BAFTA breakthrough Brit actress Florence Pugh who tells us about the role and Alice Birch the screenwriter discusses the appeal of such a dark story.

Presented by Jenni Murray
Producer: Rabeka Nurmahomed
Editor: Erin Riley.

Full coverage of the day's news.

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The latest national and international news from BBC Radio 4.

Clive Anderson and Emma Freud are joined by Howard Jacobson, Joe Boyd, Gaia Vince and Vivienne Acheampong for an eclectic mix of conversation, music and comedy. With music from Orchestra Baobab and Her's.

Producer: Sukey Firth.

Aretha Franklin has won hearts - and 18 Grammy awards - with her astonishing voice. But this week a bust up with another iconic singer revealed her spikier side. Always a sensation on stage, there have been struggles off it. Mark Coles talks to people who grew up with and have worked with the Queen of Soul.

British film Lady Macbeth has been much praised for the central perfomance by Florence Pugh as the intelligent complicated 19th century woman sold into marriage and realising that her soul is being stifled.
Ivo Van Hove's prodiuction of Obsession - an adaptation of The Postman Always Rings Twice stars Jude Law. It should be theatrical gold...
Sarah Schmidt's debut novel See What I Have Done deals with the still-unsolved Lizzie Borden case from 1892: "Lizzie Borden took an axe and gave her mother forty whacks"
London's Whitechapel Gallery has a new exhibition: Iself, bringing together the work of artists exploring their own personal identity
Griefcast - In Cariad Lloyd's podcast she talks with fellow comedians about their own experiences of coping with grieving, mourning and death and mortality. How funny can such a grim subject be?

Tom Sutcliffe's guests are Alex Preston, Andrea Rose and Kit Davies. The producer is Oliver Jones.

In the spring of 2015 the Dhnie family embarked on the perilous journey to Europe. They risked their lives in rubber boats and got caught up in riots at border crossings, they slept rough, ran out of money and regularly asked themselves 'Is it worth it?'

In this programme the family answer that question. Award-winning journalist Manveen Rana, who accompanied the Dhnie's over the many months during which they made their way to Europe, visits them in Germany to re-live key moments of their journey, and to find out what's happened to them since. She plays back to them the recordings she made with them, an emotional and compelling soundtrack which became a powerful and multi award-winning documentary. As events are replayed Manveen gathers the family's response to them, eighteen months on.

In this intimate and personal programme, Manveen reveals who has prospered and why some of the family bitterly regret the decision to seek a new life in Europe.

Producer: Dixi Stewart.

The radio debut for the Pulitzer winning book by Michael Cunningham inspired by Virginia Woolf's Mrs Dalloway. Starring Rosamund Pike, Fenella Woolgar and Teresa Gallagher.

Three very separate women. They live in different locations and different eras but they are bound by their passion for Virginia Woolf's novel Mrs Dalloway. As they experience life on a Tuesday in June, their thoughts and experiences echo each other and become intertwined.

In Richmond in 1923, Virginia Woolf (Fenella Woolgar) sits down to write a novel calling her heroine Mrs Dalloway. In Los Angeles in 1949, Laura (Teresa Gallagher) sits in bed reading Mrs Dalloway. In New York in the 1990s, Clarissa (Rosamund Pike) goes out to buy flowers for a party mirroring the start of the day for the fictional Mrs Dalloway. The party is for her best friend Richard who long ago dubbed her Mrs Dalloway.

Weaving together themes of bisexuality, mental illness, middle age, the trials of creativity, parental guilt, marital discord, suburban isolation, infertility, friendship and loss - the three stories become one.

In the second and concluding episode, Virginia, Laura and Clarissa all experience conflict between their need to be free and their domestic responsibilities and ties. Virginia Woolf creates a pivotal moment when Mrs Dalloway sees a book in a shop window open at a page with a song from Shakespeare's Cymbeline. It haunts her - and it haunts Laura and Clarissa too. As their stories become interwoven there more and more parallels.

Michael Cunningham's enormously popular and critically successful book won the 1999 Pulitzer Prize for Fiction and inspired the film starring Nicole Kidman. He called his story The Hours because that was a title that Virginia Woolf had considered. He says Mrs Dalloway was a huge influence on his life because he read the novel as a response to a dare when he was 15 and then decided to be a writer.

Sony Award winning writer Frances Byrnes adapted the book for radio.

Composer: Gene Pritsker
Pianist: Carollyn Eden
Sound Design: Steve Bond

Adapted for radio by Frances Byrnes
Directed by Judith Kampfner and Polly Thomas
Produced by Judith Kampfner
Executive Producer Celia De Wolff

A Corporation For Independent Media production for BBC Radio 4.

The latest national and international news from BBC Radio 4, followed by weather.

Is nostalgia for the past and fear of the future preventing us from recognising the huge benefits of digital technology for children?

In a debate recorded in front of an audience at the London School of Economics and Political Science, Fi Glover examines the thoughts of pessimists and optimists. She asks not only what they think about the effect digital technology has on children, but also how their views are informed by their contrasting mindsets. Where does their optimism or pessimism come from?

Baroness Martha Lane Fox, an invincible optimist and tech entrepreneur, says children are naturally predisposed to learn, and digital technology provides endless opportunities for development. She considers that we romanticise traditional childhoods spent outside in the fresh air but, in reality, children must tap the social and educational potential of tablets and smart phones if they are to be prepared for life in our digital world.

Andrew Keen, an entrepreneur himself as well as being one of the most influential pessimistic commentators on the digital age, takes the opposite view. He believes our children are immersed in digital media before they can walk, stunting their development, damaging their health, and making them less able to interact with real-life people. He says the internet monetises every aspect of our children's lives, their personal data harvested for the use of governments and corporations.

Three expert witnesses are called to give evidence - Professor Sugata Mitra, educationalist Sue Palmer, and technology expert and presenter Julia Hardy.

The pessimist and the optimist cross-examine the witnesses and, to conclude, the audience votes. Is the glass half empty or half full?

A Just Radio production for BBC Radio 4.

(14/17)
In a North-South semi-final contest this week, two of the competitors are from Surrey and two from Cumbria. They all either won their heat over the past three months of the 2017 tournament, or narrowly missed out as a high-scoring runner-up. The standard promises to be high today, with another place in the Final at stake.

As ever, the 'Beat the Brains' feature also offers a listener the chance to have his or her question suggestions put to the panel, to see if their combined knowledge is up to the challenge.

Producer: Paul Bajoria.

Ground-truthing poetry - Paul Farley hears new poems by Zaffar Kunial in the English Midland places they were made. Producer: Tim Dee.

The latest national and international news from BBC Radio 4. Followed by Weather.

David Park is one of Northern Ireland's most acclaimed novelists. He has won the Authors' Club First Novel Award, the Bass Ireland Arts Award for Literature, the Ewart-Biggs Memorial Prize, the American Ireland Fund Literary Award and the University of Ulster's McCrea Literary Award, three times. In 2014 he was longlisted for the Sunday Times EFG Short Story Award. His novel 'The Truth Commissioner' was also recently adapted into a feature film starring Roger Allam.

Producer ..... Michael Shannon.

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This week's Bells on Sunday, comes from St. Mary the Virgin, Chislet in Kent. The tower has a ring of 6 bells. The tenor, cast in 1729, is tuned to E flat and weighs 15 hundredweight. We hear them now ringing a touch of Stedman Doubles.

The latest national and international news.

Mark Tully evaluates a range of preaching and considers what makes a good or a bad sermon.

The Dominican Friars are known as the Order of Preachers, and Mark speaks with former Master of the Order, Brother Timothy Radcliffe, about how the balance of preaching has changed on the whole from hellfire and damnation to Good News.

Mark's copy of Webster's dictionary defines a sermon as, "a serious reproof or exultation expressed at tedious length," but Brother Timothy believes preachers must not climb into the pulpit and preach down at their congregation. He says, "They can, and should, lead listeners to have life and to have it abundantly."

Produced by Adam Fowler
A 7digital production for BBC Radio 4.

22 year old Lewis Steer has quadrupled the size of his sheep flock in a matter of months. He says he's the only farmer in the UK to keep all three of Dartmoor's native breeds together. Everything except the 'baa' is sold directly to the customer - meat, knitting wool, and sheepskins. Sarah Swadling meets Lewis as he prepares his flock for a business milestone, moving them to a large block of land he's renting for the first time.

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The latest news headlines. Including a look at the papers.

Sunday morning religious news and current affairs programme.

Professor Susan Greenfield makes the Radio 4 Appeal on behalf of Mentor UK.

Registered Charity Number 1112339
To Give:
- Freephone 0800 404 8144
- Freepost BBC Radio 4 Appeal. (That's the whole address. Please do not write anything else on the front of the envelope). Mark the back of the envelope 'Mentor'.
- Cheques should be made payable to 'Mentor'.

The latest weather forecast.

The latest news headlines. Including a look at the papers.

In the 1930s, delegations of British intellectuals travelled to Germany to find out more about the rise of National Socialism, engaging in debates with German academics and clergymen, Nazi leaders and young people. At the head of these delegations was a remarkable woman, Amy Buller, who wanted to understand and challenge the horrors of what she came to regard as a false extremist religion.

With the support of the King and Queen, Buller went on to establish an educational foundation at Cumberland Lodge in Windsor Great Park. Seventy years on, this institution continues to promote constructive dialogue and to challenge social divisions.

In a service broadcast live from Holy Trinity, Windsor, Canon Dr Edmund Newell, Principal of Cumberland Lodge, explores the importance of learning to 'disagree well' and celebrates the life and work of Amy Buller to mark the 70th anniversary of the educational foundation she established. The preacher is Sandra Cobbin, an experienced mediator who was one of the facilitators for the Church of England's 'Shared Conversations on Human Sexuality' and is also a Training Partner with Bridge Builders Ministries. The music is led by The Choir of Royal Holloway, University of London.

A L Kennedy commends paying attention to voices as a way to discern truth telling.

"Listening to our media, our public voices, as if we're listening to people in our everyday lives, holding them to that standard and not their own can help us to know when we're being driven towards the sound of a faked emotion or spun a tale."

Producer: Sheila Cook.

Tweet of the Day is a series of fascinating stories about our British birds inspired by their calls and songs.

Miranda Krestovnikoff presents the Puffin. Far better-known for its comical looks than its calls, the puffin is a bird that that is recognised by many and has earned the nickname "sea-parrot" or "clown of the sea".

Sunday morning magazine programme with news and conversation about the big stories of the week. Presented by Paddy O'Connell.

David and Ruth reach a decision, and Ambridge Hall is invaded.

Sue MacGregor meets people involved in the Victoria Climbie Inquiry, the catalyst for widespread reforms to child protection.

Victoria Climbie was just eight years old when she died in February 2000, after months of abuse at the hands of her Great Aunt. A pathologist recorded 128 separate injuries to her body, saying it was the worst case of deliberate harm he had ever dealt with.

Pictures of the smiling little girl from the Ivory Coast filled the newspapers. She had been sent to Britain for a better life. How could such appalling torture have gone unnoticed? What made the tragedy worse was the number of missed opportunities to save her. In the eleven months that Victoria lived in Britain, she came into contact with three housing authorities, four social services departments, two police child protection teams and the NSPCC, and was admitted to two different hospitals.

The government ordered an inquiry to examine what went wrong and consider how such a tragedy could be prevented from happening in the future. Its 108 recommendations prompted widespread reforms to child protection and social worker training.

Among Sue MacGregor's guests recalling the inquiry and its impact are its Chair, Lord Laming, and Neil Garnham, Counsel to the Inquiry and now a High Court Judge.

Presenter: Sue MacGregor
Producer: Deborah Dudgeon
Series Producer: David Prest

A Whistledown production for BBC Radio 4.

The latest national and international news from BBC Radio 4.

David Mitchell hosts the panel game in which four comedians are encouraged to tell lies and compete against one another to see how many items of truth they're able to smuggle past their opponents.

David O'Doherty, Richard Osman, Zoe Lyons and Marcus Brigstocke are the panellists obliged to talk with deliberate inaccuracy on subjects as varied as colour, vegetables, pizza and carpets.

Produced by Jon Naismith
A Random Entertainment production for BBC Radio 4.

Lamb. Long a staple of the UK dinner table. But one glance at the statistics and it's obvious that 'Generation Y' aren't inspired. Estimates suggest under 30s are buying just 15g of lamb a week. That's just over 10 lamb chops in a year and less than half the UK average.

In this programme Sheila Dillon asks young butchers, food entrepreneurs and a 3rd generation sheep farmer in his thirties whether there's any saving shepherd's pie, lamb shanks and Irish stew. She gets a lesson in Iranian midweek lamb cooking from cook and author of 'The Saffron Tales' Yasmin Khan. And Ben Ebbrell and Barry Taylor from SORTEDfood share the lamb recipes which excite their 1.7 million Youtube subscribers.

Presented by Sheila Dillon
Produced in Bristol by Clare Salisbury.

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Global news and analysis.

In the latest programme, Mishal Husain introduces dispatches from journalists and writers around the United Kingdom that reflect the range of contemporary life in the country. This month: Ian McMillan unveils his campaign for Yorkshire pudding to secure UNESCO intangible heritage status; Carly Appleby reveals the dramatic effect of an unexpected medical diagnosis; Travis Elborough meets the 87 year-old behind an improbable retail success story in Brighton; Rebecca Ford discovers how Blackpool is reinventing itself - with a little help from China; and Mihir Bose ponders what allotments have to teach the managers of our leading football clubs.

Producer Simon Coates.

This week, the team are answering questions from the audience in Cirencester. Joining Eric Robson on the panel are Bob Flowerdew, Anne Swithinbank and Chris Beardshaw.

The panellists offer their thoughts on growing stronger Delphiniums, the best Autumn bulbs and how to deal with Lesser Celandine. They also analyse the efficacy of human hair as a rabbit deterrent.

And Peter Gibbs dissects the new RHS guide on climate change.

Produced by Hannah Newton
Assistant Producer: Laurence Bassett

A Somethin' Else production for BBC Radio 4.

Fi Glover introduces conversations between young people with valuable insights into recognising others' needs, listening to their opinions, and seeing beyond first impressions in the Omnibus edition of the series that proves it's surprising what you hear when you listen.

The Listening Project is a Radio 4 initiative that offers a snapshot of contemporary Britain in which people across the UK volunteer to have a conversation with someone close to them about a subject they've never discussed intimately before. The conversations are being gathered across the UK by teams of producers from local and national radio stations who facilitate each encounter. Every conversation - they're not BBC interviews, and that's an important difference - lasts up to an hour, and is then edited to extract the key moment of connection between the participants. Most of the unedited conversations are being archived by the British Library and used to build up a collection of voices capturing a unique portrait of the UK in the second decade of the millennium. You can learn more about The Listening Project by visiting bbc.co.uk/listeningproject

Producer: Marya Burgess.

Did the young Catherine foresee the consequences of staging a coup d'état against her husband the Tsar? Or did she want him dead from the start? Mike Walker's epic chronicle of the Russian Tsars continues with the story of Catherine The Great, who came to Russia as a young 15-year-old girl from Prussia and became one of Russia's most renowned monarchs, transforming the country into one of the great powers of Europe.

Director: Sasha Yevtushenko

As we approach the centenary of the Russian Revolution in October 2017, Radio 4 has an ambitious chronicle of Russian leaders; set over 11 plays, in three seasons - it began with Ivan the Terrible, contemporary of Elizabeth I, and ends with Russia's current Premier - Vladimir Putin. TSAR continues the full-blooded, rich 'more is more' tradition forged by the team that made Plantagenet and The Stuarts for Radio 4.

Series One covered the reigns of Ivan IV (aka The Terrible), Boris Godunov and Peter The Great.

Series Two (Spring 2017) chronicles the reigns of Catherine the Great; Alexander I and the Napoleonic Wars; and Alexander II and the emancipation of the serfs.

Series Three (Autumn 2017) takes in Nicholas II and the Revolution, the Soviets, and Putin.

The dramas are produced by Alison Hindell and Sasha Yevtushenko.

Paula Hawkins' thriller The Girl On The Train smashed all kinds of literary records, and has sold nearly twenty million copies worldwide. She talks to Mariella Frostrup about following up such incredible success and writing her new book, Into The Water.

I'd Die for You and Other Lost Stories is a collection of the last remaining unpublished short stories by F. Scott Fitzgerald. The book's editor Anne Margaret Daniel joins Mariella to discuss the stories written during the latter years of his life.

Novelist Richard T Kelly observes that although money is often at the centre of our lives, it's very rarely at the centre of fiction we read. And as Donald Trump celebrates his first 100 days in office, this month's guest editor recommends White Trash: The 400 Year Untold History of Class in America which looks at the roots of popular political opinion.

Roger McGough celebrates the centenary of American poet Robert Lowell, and other winners of the the Pulitzer Prize for Poetry, including Robert Frost, Sharon Olds and Rita Dove. Producer Sally Heaven.

Self-employment is the fastest rising sector of the UK labour market; one in seven workers are now their own boss - 4.7 million in total. A majority say they are happier than they would be in conventional employment. And yet many complain of being overworked and of receiving too little support from the State. They are also less well-paid.

Whilst many are "Dragon's Den" - style entrepreneurs trying to develop successful commercial ideas which will make their fortune or"hipsters in hubs," earning a living from the gig economy while developing their own commercial profile, an increasing number are required to be self-employed by their employers as a condition of being offered work. And yet forced self-employment alone, doesn't explain the rise in self-employment.

Further examination reveals a number of other "tribes" going it alone: young workers taking up self-employment due to a lack of conventional career jobs; the 2012 population boom and a rise in parents taking the opportunity to opt out of the rigours of corporate culture to be "present" parents; established career professionals escaping unhappy jobs, especially in the public sector, to work less and earn more per hour as consultants, locums, inspectors, supply teachers; and retired workers "keeping their hand in" to supplement their pension.

Presenter Gavin Kelly speaks to these "new" self employed, analysing their motivation, needs and likelihood of continuing in this mode. And examines the challenge posed to policy makers as they try to bear down on dishonest self-employment while encouraging its honest counterpart.

Presenter: Gavin Kelly, Chief Executive of the Resolution Trust
Producer: Alex Lewis
Editor: Andrew Smith.

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Mark Steel chooses his BBC Radio highlights.

Brookfield tightens its belt, while Grange Farm holds off an eager visitor.

The second series of the sitcom with Hal Cruttenden finds the hapless house husband still trying to cope with his mid-life crisis and doubting his every move.

His wife Sam (Kerry Godliman) is still a highly successful business woman, his two daughters Lily and Molly continue to grow into teenagers and find their dad just a little annoying, his bitter and embittered sister Pippa (Abigail Cruttenden) has inconveniently decided to stay with Hal alongside her angry teenage son Oberon, racist neighbour Penny (Ronni Ancona) proves to be a major thorn in Hal's side and best mates Fergus (Ed Byrne) and Barry (Gavin Webster) hinder rather than help Hal's goal of finding himself.

In this final episode of the series, after a challenging few weeks, Hal Cruttenden tries to calm things down by hosting a dinner party with Sam to show off their new basement - with wholly unexpected results.

Written by Hal Cruttenden and Dominic Holland
Produced by Paul Russell

An Open Mike production for BBC Radio 4.

Lynne Truss observes the inhabitants Meridian Cliffs, a small wind-battered town on the south coast of England.

Carpet fitter Jack has always been a bit obsessive about rules. So living next to a road with a 20 mph limit, which is routinely ignored by every other motorist apart from himself, is particularly testing. But when someone keeps littering the grass verge opposite his house with empty pre-mixed gin and tonic cans, one per day, it threatens to tip him over the edge.

Directed by Kate McAll
A Pier production for BBC Radio 4.

The foreign secretary, Boris Johnson, appeared on Today this week, where he fired off a salvo of highly questionable statistics. We examine them. Also in the programme: are three million school kids at risk of going hungry this summer? We put this bold claim to the test. William Sitwell, Lord Woolton's biographer, explains how this working-class boy from Salford became a war hero (and President of the Royal Statistical Society). As the General Election campaign gets underway, we look into claims that education spending is at "record" levels. And just how big is the "mother of all bombs"?

Presenter: Tim Harford
Producer: Charlotte McDonald.

Matthew Bannister on

The film director Jonathan Demme - best known for the multi Oscar winning films Silence of the Lambs and Philadelphia.

Robert Taylor who helped to develop the first networked computers - a forerunner of the internet - and inspired the creation of modern personal computers.

Cathy Hopkins who campaigned for the residents of St Helena to get back their British citizenship.

Peter Farrer, the Liverpool tax inspector who enjoyed cross dressing and became an expert on the history of women's costume.

And Dorothy Torry, secretary to six BBC Directors General, including Lord Reith.

Producer: Neil George.

How have private businesses fared in Greece since the crisis began? The economy has shrunk by nearly a third and unemployment has soared. So what have companies had to do to survive? And have any managed to actually thrive? Louise Cooper meets hopeful entrepreneurs, embattled importers, and a few small companies going underground in a bid to avoid rising costs and disappearing demand. Can Greece ever return to growth?

Producer: Rosamund Jones.

Weekly political discussion and analysis with MPs, experts and commentators.

With Francine Stock

Writer/director David Leland revisits Worthing, the setting of his classic drama Wish You Were Here, which immortalised the phrase "up your bum".

William Oldroyd discusses his acclaimed low budget drama Lady Macbeth and why it plays with the conventions of how female characters behave in costume dramas.

Heal The Living director Kattell Quillevere explains how a change in the medical definition of death has had an emotional impact on bereaved families, which is often overlooked.

The latest national and international news from BBC Radio 4. Followed by Weather.

DRUGS IN WARFARE: Laurie Taylor talks to Lukasz Kamienski, Lecturer in Political Science at at Jagiellonian University, Poland, and author of a book which examines how intoxicants have been put to the service of states, empires and their armies throughout history. They were prescribed by military authorities but there's also been widespread unauthorised use by soldiers from the American Civil War to the Vietnam War and the rebel militias of contemporary Africa. Whether to improve stamina, increase fighting spirit or deal with shattered nerves, drugs turn out to have been a 'secret weapon' in warfare.
Also, the writer, Norman Ohler discusses his study into the overwhelming role of drug-taking in the Third Reich. According to his research, Nazi Germany was permeated with cocaine, heroin, morphine and, most of all, methamphetamines, or crystal meth, and crucial to troops' resilience.

Producer: Jayne Egerton.

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A reading and a reflection to start the day, with George Craig, a retired senior civil servant and a Methodist local preacher in Cardiff.

The latest news about food, farming and the countryside.

The latest weather forecast for farmers.

Tweet of the Day is a series of fascinating stories about our British birds inspired by their calls and songs. David Attenborough presents the Swift. Swifts live in the sky, feeding, mating and sleeping on the wing. Their feet are so reduced they cannot stand particularly well on land, only the near vertical surfaces on which they build their nest.

News and current affairs. Includes Sports Desk, Weather and Thought for the Day.

On Start the Week Andrew Marr talks to the American writer, poet and farmer Wendell Berry. In his latest collection of essays, The World-Ending Fire, Berry speaks out against the degradation of the earth and the violence and greed of unbridled consumerism, while evoking the awe he feels as he walks the land in his native Kentucky.

His challenge to the false call of progress and the American Dream is echoed in the writing of Paul Kingsnorth, whose book Confessions of a Recovering Environmentalist eschews the grand narrative of a global green movement to focus on what matters - the small plot of land beneath his feet.

Kate Raworth calls herself a renegade economist and, like Berry and Kingsnorth, challenges orthodox thinking, as she points to new ways to understand the global economy which take into consideration human prosperity and ecological sustainability.

Producer: Katy Hickman

Image: Wendell Berry Photographer: James Baker Hall.

The inside story of twelve years at the helm of Britain's greatest theatre. It is a story of lunatic failures and spectacular successes such as The History Boys, War Horse and One Man, Two Guvnors; of opening the doors of the National Theatre to a broader audience than ever before, and changing the public's perception of what theatre is for.

It is about probing Shakespeare from every angle and reinventing the classics. About fostering new talent and directing some of the most celebrated actors of our times. Its cast includes the likes of Alan Bennett, Maggie Smith, Michael Gambon and Helen Mirren.

Intimate, candid and insightful, Balancing Acts is a passionate exploration of the art and alchemy of making theatre.

Today Hynter describes his typical day as the theatre's Director.

Written and read by Nicholas Hytner
Produced by Simon Richardson.

We celebrate women and cycling at the London Bike Kitchen.

Rochelle Gilmore, Commonwealth gold medalist and former professional cyclist, is now owner and manager of the Wiggle High5 Pro Cycling team. She's joined by one of her riders British cyclist Grace Garner to discuss women's road racing today.

Mountainbiker, Tracy Moseley talks to Jane Garvey about the thrill of racing downhill.

Podcaster and blogger Sarah Connolly explains how social media is changing the way women's competitive cycling is being covered.

Astrid Swenson, senior lecturer in European History at Brunel University, tells us about the role of bikes in women's emancipation.

Dr Jane Sterling, consultant dermatologist at Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge explains how she's been advising the elite world of British Cycling on vulval health.

And Jenni Gwiasdowski teaches Jane how to mend a puncture.

Presented by Jane Garvey
Produced by Jane Thurlow.

In the 8th series of 'How Does That Make You Feel?' Martha's clients have made few changes to their circumstances.

On a trip to Newcastle, which to his surprise is even further north than Leeds, Richard Fallon finds that his newly acquired Twitter account has been hacked and embarrassingly compromised causing the Chief Whip to comedown on Richard like a ton of bricks. Again.

Shelagh Stephenson is the author of Radio 4's 'A Short History of Longing' and 'Guests Are Like Fish'. She is an Olivier Award winner for her play 'The Memory of Water' and has won Sony and Writer's Guild awards for her plays 'Darling Peidi' and 'Five Kinds of Silence'.

Richard Fallon ..... Roger Allam
Martha ..... Frances Tomelty

Writer ..... Shelagh Stephenson
Director ..... Eoin O'Callaghan
Producer ..... Eoin O'Callaghan.

Can Duncan and Sian, a doctor husband and wife team, save their surgery from closure?

Duncan and Sian Shaw are both GPs. They live in Bournemouth with their young family and, for fourteen years, have been based at the same surgery, working hard for the thousands of patients on their list. But, like the situation facing many GP surgeries in the country, things have become critical: in the last three years, several doctors have resigned and Duncan and Sian have not been able to recruit new ones.

When they started at the surgery it had eight doctors; now it has five, and soon there will be just three. It's no longer viable. They are at crisis point. Can they save the surgery? Or will they have to sell up and walk away, leaving 10,000 patients to find another GP?

Producer in Bristol: Karen Gregor.

Mark Steel's In Town - Saint Anne - Alderney.

"Alderney. So close, so different"

Mark Steel returns to Radio 4 for a sixth series of the award winning show that travels around the country, researching the history, heritage and culture of six towns that have nothing in common but their uniqueness, and performs a bespoke evening of comedy for the local residents.

For the final episode Mark Steel visits Alderney in the Channel Islands. After a terrifying ride in a tiny yellow plane called Joey, Mark spends his first day on the island trying to buy new trousers (there is no causal connection between these two events). It's not the easiest place to buy trousers, he eventually gets a pair with zips on from a bicycle shop.

Mark meets an organic pic farmer who is also a radiologist, gets lost on a guided nature walk and visits an a old Nazi bunker which is now an Aussie BBQ hang out. Blond Hedgehogs, seven species of dragonfly, beaches, bird life and tax bonuses. What a strange place. Lovely though, and worth the effort to get to.

Written and performed by ... Mark Steel
Additional material by ... Pete Sinclair
Production co-ordinator ... Hayley Sterling
Producer ... Carl Cooper
It was a BBC Radio Comedy Production.

The latest national and international news from BBC Radio 4.

On this day in 1917, the Bishop of London demanded the Church "do more than talk and preach about the need for more men for the army", while in Folkestone, Kitty Lumley must keep her own counsel.

Written by Sebastian Baczkiewicz
Directed by Allegra McIlroy
Editor: Jessica Dromgoole.

Garden Centres have seen sales rise every year for the last five years, why are we spending money on our gardens at a time when we're spending less on food and clothes? We visit Barton Grange, an independent garden centre in the North West to find out who their customers are, and what plans they have to attract a younger consumer.
It's nearly a year since the second largest garden centre chain, Dobbies, was sold by Tesco. We speak to the new CEO Nicholas Marshall about his plans for the company. How can the gardening industry respond to changes in the way we live? The number of people renting in the private sector has doubled in the last ten years, and analysis by the accounts Price Waterhouse Cooper suggests a quarter of all households will be private renters by 2025. How can garden centres attract a customer who doesn't own their garden? The RHS Chatsworth Show will have a garden made for renters this summer, we meet the gardener who designed it.
If you book a holiday and your travel company knows there's building work going on at your resort, you should be told about it. Travel companies that fail to do this can be fined by the Association of British Travel Agents, ABTA. We hear from a listener who spent over six thousand pounds on a dream Caribbean holiday only to find it was a building site.
According to the Hiscox Online Art Market report 2017, online sales now make up over 8% of the international art market. Last year saw a 15% increase in the number of art sales that took place online. So who is buying fine art without seeing it first? We speak to Paul Liss, whose gallery that went online only five years ago and Louisa Buck, The Art Newspaper's Contemporary Art Correspondent.

Presented by Winifred Robinson
Produced by Beatrice Pickup.

The latest weather forecast.

Analysis of news and current affairs.

Can a huge global brand look beyond profit and leverage its huge turnover to do genuine good - beyond a catchy song and a pretty advert? Rory Sutherland explores how marketing plays upon questions of faith and idealism: from Coca-Cola's iconic "Hilltop" advertisement of 1971 to contemporary Islamic branding. Are big brands' moves to cater for the beliefs of its consumers really about doing genuine good for humanity - or exploiting social and moral issues to make a fast buck?

Shelina Janmohamed - writer and vice-president of Ogilvy Noor, the world's first Islamic branding consultancy - outlines the emergence of "Generation M": the world's 1 billion Muslims under the age of 30, of whom 90% say their faith informs their consumer decisions.

Meanwhile, senior ad creative Steve Henry and composer Roger Greenaway tell the story of perhaps the most famous "message" advertisement in history: Coca-Cola's "Hilltop" ad of 1971, which gave the world the song "I'd Like To Teach The World To Sing".

Producer: Steven Rajam

---

Why do certain marketing campaigns - from Nike's "Just Do It" to the MND Ice Bucket Challenge - cast such a spell over us? Rory Sutherland explores the story - and the psychology - behind ten of the most influential campaigns in history - with first-hand accounts from the creative minds that conceived them, and contributions from the worlds of evolutionary biology, behavioural psychology, socio-economics and anthropology.

Marketing. It's come to be one of the most misunderstood - and maligned - disciplines of our age: perceived variously as the Emperor's New Clothes, an emblem of the ills of capitalism, a shadowy dark art designed to steal away our hard-earned money and make us do (or buy, or vote for) things we don't want.

Yet marketing is undeniably a key part of contemporary culture. It's a science that's fundamentally about human behaviour - marketers, to some extent, understand us better than we know ourselves - and in the most successful campaigns we find our deepest emotions and urges, from altruism to shame, hope to bravado, systematically tapped into and drawn upon.

But what are these primal behaviours that the best campaigns evoke in us - and how do they harness them? Is marketing purely about commercial gain or can it underpin real common good and societal progress? And does the discipline manipulate our subconscious instincts and emotions - or simply hold a mirror to them?

Over ten episodes, senior advertising creative and Spectator writer Rory Sutherland unravels the story of some of the most powerful, brilliant and influential campaigns of our age. Set alongside personal testimonies from the brilliant minds that created them, we'll hear from a host of experts - from biologists to philosophers, novelists to economists - about how these campaigns got under our skin and proved to be so influential.

Contributors include: writer and former copywriter Fay Weldon; social behaviourist and expert on altruism Nicola Raihani; Alexander Nix, CEO of big data analysts Cambridge Analytica; philosopher Andy Martin; writer on Islamic issues and advisor to the world's first Islamic branding consultancy, Shelina Janmohamed; and evolutionary psychologist Geoffrey Miler.

Original British Dramatists.

Ben Tagoe's warm-hearted drama set in the high octane world of competitive Scrabble set in Nigeria.

When Yomi travels from his native Scotland to his father's homeland to try out for the national Scrabble team, he has a lot more to learn than strategic two letter words.

Produced/directed by Gaynor Macfarlane

Ben Tagoe is a Scottish Ghanaian writer who writes for continuing drama on tv and for the theatre. This is his first radio drama.

(15/17)
With another of the four places in the 2017 Final up for grabs, today's contest once again pits three heat winners from earlier in the series against one contestant who only narrowly lost out as a high-scoring runner-up. It could be anyone's game, as the semi-finalists wrestle for every point they can pick up.

If the periodic table of the elements were listed in alphabetical order, which would come first? What are the Latin mottoes on the masthead of the Times newspaper? And which novel that caused a literary sensation in 1991 has a protagonist named Patrick Bateman? If the competitors can answer these questions they may be in with a strong chance of a place in the Final - and within sight of the 64th BBC Brain of Britain title.

Producer: Paul Bajoria.

TV presenter Terry Christian presents his favourite and funniest writing - read by comedian Andew Maxwell and actress Sally Lindsay - to the audience at the BBC Radio Theatre. Confessions of an Irish Rebel by Brendan Behan brings his Dublin-born dad's voice back to him, and memories of growing up in Manchester with Irish parents. John Cooper Clarke's poetry, Billy Liar by Keith Waterhouse and The Big Man by William McIlvanney also mean a lot to him. His lifelong love of reading was originally sparked by Just William by Richmal Crompton - against the odds..
Producer Beth O'Dea.

There is an old joke that talking to yourself is first sign of madness but we now know its an essential mental tool . So how much of what we do online is that same inner speech?

Eddie Mair with interviews, context and analysis.

The latest national and international news from BBC Radio 4.

David Mitchell hosts the panel game in which four comedians are encouraged to tell lies and compete against one another to see how many items of truth they're able to smuggle past their opponents.

Frankie Boyle, Holly Walsh, Elis James and Mark Steel are the panellists obliged to talk with deliberate inaccuracy on subjects as varied as ducks, words, Oliver Cromwell and astronauts.

Produced by Jon Naismith
A Random Entertainment production for BBC Radio 4.

Adam considers his future at Home Farm, and Lilian is at a loose end.

The composer and artist Oliver Beer discusses his new acoustics project in which he explores the resonant frequencies of the empty spaces of buildings and everyday vessels.

To mark her 70th birthday the composer Nicola LeFanu talks about her career in the world of contemporary classical music, from her childhood making music for the plays she wrote to the recent premiere at the Barbican of her latest large-scale work, The Crimson Bird.

On 17 July 1717 George Frideric Handel premiered his Water Music for King George I, and to mark the 300th anniversary of this musical landmark Front Row has commissioned a new piece by Grace Evangeline Mason, the 2013 winner of the BBC Proms Inspire Young Composer Competition. Before beginning work on the piece she came in to meet John and discuss her early ideas.

To celebrate May Day, poet Alison Brackenbury discusses the joy of spring in verse and reads a section of John Clare's The Shepherd's Calendar and her own poem May Day, 1972.

Presenter: John Wilson
Producer: Hannah Robins.

The United States of America is an invention. Before it existed, it needed to be created. Where would its borders be? Who was going to live there? How would it be run? As America's new president approaches his first hundred day, Misha Glenny follows up acclaimed programmes on Germany, Brazil, and France with a timely investigation of the USA.

To build a country you need a system of power, but independence from Britain immediately set up a clash - the politicians of the north against the slave owning south. When the Founding Fathers gathered in the capital Philadelphia, which sat half way between the two, they knew that there was going to be a fight. Donald Trump loves to quote the Founding Fathers but what did they actually say? Misha Glenny travels from New York to Philly and on to Washington in pursuit of the origins of the constitution, and discovers few people imagined it would last more than ten years.

Featuring contributions from double Pulitzer winner Alan Taylor; novelist Zoe Heller; Kathleen Burk, author of Old World, New World; Philly native Joe Queenan; and Carol Berkin, author of A Brilliant Solution.Future programmes focus on the history of the Mexican border; plus the peoples of America - who do you let in, who do you keep out?

Misha Glenny is the BBC's former Central Europe correspondent.
The producer in Bristol is Miles Warde.

Men in the Faroe Islands are having to look far beyond their shores for marriage. The remote, windswept archipelago between Norway and Iceland, with close ties to Denmark, has seen an influx of women from South-East Asia who have come to marry Faroese men. In recent years the islands have been experiencing a declining population. Young women in particular have been leaving the islands, often for education, and not returning. One complaint from them is that their close-knit community has too conservative and masculine a culture where sheep farming, hunting and fishing are still dominant. For some women Faroese society is simply too small, too constraining. There are now approximately 2,000 fewer women of marriageable age in the total population of 50,000. In response, some men have been looking elsewhere for partners, from countries like Thailand and the Philippines. For Crossing Continents, Tim Ecott meets these foreign women adjusting to life in this isolated group of islands where the elements are harsh and the language impenetrable.

John Murphy producing.

The most beautiful and shimmering of the elements, the weirdest, and yet the most reviled.

Chemist Andrea Sella tell the story of Mercury, explaining the significance of this element not just for chemistry, but also the development of modern civilisation.

It's been a a source of wonder for thousands of years - why is this metal a liquid? and what is its contribution to art, from the Stone Age to the Renaissance?

We look at how Mercury is integral to hundreds of years of scientific discoveries, from weather forecasting to steam engines and the detection of atomic particles it has a key role.

However Mercury is highly toxic in certain forms and ironically the industrial processes it helped create have led to global pollution which now threatens fish, wildlife and ourselves.

We ask is it time to say goodbye to Mercury?

The latest weather forecast.

In-depth reporting and analysis from a global perspective.

The author of the global phenomenon 'The Girl on the Train' returns with 'Into the Water', her addictive new novel of psychological suspense.

A single mother turns up dead at the bottom of the river that runs through town. Earlier in the summer, a vulnerable teenage girl met the same fate. They are not the first women lost to these dark waters, but their deaths disturb the river and its history, dredging up secrets long submerged.

Left behind is a lonely fifteen-year-old girl. Parentless and friendless, she now finds herself in the care of her mother's sister, a fearful stranger who has been dragged back to the place she deliberately ran from-a place to which she vowed she'd never return.

Beware a calm surface-you never know what lies beneath.

Cast: Siân Brooke, Lily Loveless, Arthur Darvill, Lynda Baron, Bryan Dick, Elizabeth Berrington, Natasha Little, Sarah Ridgeway, Kai Alexander and Sean Baker.

Writer Jacqueline Wilson talks to Michael Rosen about her love of language and how she came up with the idea of Tracy Beaker. She describes her imaginative life as a child, walking along telling stories to herself under her breath, fascinated by words. She can trace her interest in writing real and believable children to the books that she loved as a child, from Little Women to Lolita..
Producer Beth O'Dea.

Journalist Abdul-Rehman Malik has always been captivated by coffee. Recently he uncovered a little known story about its Islamic roots and how this delicious brew came to change the world.

He had to know more.

In this programme, Abdul leads us on a journey to Turkey as he investigates the forgotten history of his beloved beverage. He discovers that coffee was popularised by Sufi mystics in the Yemen who used the drink as a way of energising themselves during their nocturnal devotions.

Abdul discovers that coffee was drunk in the Sacred Mosque of Mecca itself, until the religious authorities issued a fatwa against it in the 16th century.

With no pubs and inns in sight, coffeehouses would bring about a social revolution within the Islamic world. They were the very first spaces where people of all social classes could come together to discuss news and gossip. Consequently, the drink was persecuted by those in authority.

Back in London, Abdul scours the city backstreets, coming upon the site of London's very first coffee house. He hears how coffee took the capital by storm, leading to a backlash from those who despised the drink they labelled an "abominable, heathenish liquid" and a "bitter Muhammedan gruel".

Originating in Ethiopia, finding its spiritual home in the Yemen, evading zealots and Sultans from Mecca to Constantinople, defying prejudice from Vienna to London - coffee made its mark wherever it went, facilitating radical new forms of social exchange. This programme is a celebration of a drink Abdul describes as "a universal libation, a liquid Esperanto."

Presenter: Abdul-Rehman Malik
Producer: Max O'Brien
A TBI Media production for BBC Radio 4.

The latest national and international news from BBC Radio 4. Followed by Weather.

The latest shipping forecast.

The latest shipping forecast.

The latest news from BBC Radio 4.

A reading and a reflection to start the day, with George Craig, a retired senior civil servant and a Methodist local preacher in Cardiff.

The latest news about food, farming and the countryside.

Tweet of the Day is a series of fascinating stories about our British birds inspired by their calls and songs.

Steve Backshall presents the common buzzard. Common buzzards are stocky birds of prey which often soar on upturned wings. In Scotland they're sometimes called the tourists' eagle because of many golden eagles claimed by hopeful visitors. Common buzzards are increasing their range and numbers and range in the UK and their soaring flight over their territories is now a regular sight nearly everywhere.

News and current affairs. Including Sports Desk, Weather and Thought for the Day.

Tiny tree dwelling snails, partula, were so abundant across French Polynesia that garlands of partula shells would be presented to visitors to the islands. But when immunologist Dr Ann Clarke joined her husband, the late evolutionary biologist Professor Bryan Clarke, on expeditions to research the unique way this species had developed, a study in speciation turned, before their eyes, into a study of extinction.
Ann witnessed first-hand the terrifying speed that biological controls, another mollusc introduced to kill a different, larger predatory snail, instead turned on Partula, and within a few short years, drove them to extinction in the wild.
The subsequent scramble to save the species resulted in the launch of a global effort called The Frozen Ark to save the genetic resources of all animals which, like partula, face obliteration.
The Frozen Ark was founded by Ann, her husband and the late Professor Ann MacLaren and with consortium members around the world, tissue and genetic material from threatened fauna is preserved as an ultimate animal conservation back-up. More than 48,000 samples have been collected by Frozen Ark members in zoos and natural history museums around the world from more than 5,500 different species. Frozen samples inform multiple captive breeding programmes, including at London Zoo, where descendants of partula rescued from extinction, are being bred ready for re-introduction back to their home in French Polynesia.
And all this wasn't Ann's main career!
As well as admitting to Jim that she was read bedtime stories as a child by the great JR Tolkien and that in her first ever job as a lab technician she helped Nobel Prize winner Sir John Gurdon with his nuclear transfer experiments, Ann also had a long and successful career as an immunologist and embryologist, fuelled by a life long interest in embryonic tolerance and immunity.

Half of England's pregnant teenagers have vanished. They didn't go missing, they just never conceived. And the teenage pregnancy rate plummeted. A real-life Whodunnit. Everyone wants to crack the case and keep rates dropping.

Michael Blastland is closing in but getting caught endlessly in an intricate spider web of causation as he tries to find the explanation for one of the most dramatic societal changes England has ever seen. He's picking off the culprits and puncturing presumptions about causation and its implications for policy making.

Encountering red-herrings, false accusations, Government conspiracy, and hack journalism, finding out whodunnit in the case of a 50% reduction in teenage pregnancy has given him sleepless nights.

At its heart may lie a Government desire to prevent under 18 conception - a well-meaning intention, backed up by some strong evidence that socio-economic disadvantage can be both a cause and a consequence of teenage motherhood. But what makes huge swathes of teenagers change their behaviour?

Whodunnit? is a new series and a new kind of investigation. It owes its style to detective storytelling. But the cases are unequivocally real. These are societal mysteries - true-life changes in the pattern of our lives, changes that might even feature some of us.

Presenter: Michael Blastland
Producer: Katherine Godfrey
A Whistledown production for BBC Radio 4.

The inside story of twelve years at the helm of Britain's greatest theatre. It is a story of lunatic failures and spectacular successes such as The History Boys, War Horse and One Man, Two Guvnors; of opening the doors of the National Theatre to a broader audience than ever before, and changing the public's perception of what theatre is for.

It is about probing Shakespeare from every angle and reinventing the classics. About fostering new talent and directing some of the most celebrated actors of our times. Its cast includes the likes of Alan Bennett, Maggie Smith, Mike Leigh, Daniel Day-Lewis, Michael Gambon and Helen Mirren.

Intimate, candid and insightful, Balancing Acts is a passionate exploration of the art and alchemy of making theatre.

Today Hynter recalls his first production of Shakespeare at The National Theatre - Henry V, starring Adrian Lester.

Written and read by Nicholas Hytner
Produced by Simon Richardson.

Programme that offers a female perspective on the world.

In the 8th series of 'How Does That Make You Feel?' Martha's clients have made few changes to their circumstances.

Tony's Bishop's plans to launch The Men's Equality Party have foundered with his fellow drinkers' refusal to pay their subscriptions. But a new plan to enter and win Masterchef: The Professionals seems a sure-fire way to get the attention of his estranged wife, until Martha points out his fatal strategic flaw; he's not a professional chef.

Shelagh Stephenson is the author of Radio 4's 'A Short History of Longing' and 'Guests Are Like Fish'. She is an Olivier Award winner for her play 'The Memory of Water' and has won Sony and Writer's Guild awards for her plays 'Darling Peidi' and 'Five Kinds of Silence'.

Tony ..... Tim McInnerny
Martha ..... Frances Tomelty

Writer ..... Shelagh Stephenson
Director ..... Eoin O'Callaghan
Producer ..... Eoin O'Callaghan.

Oxygen appeared on earth over 2 billion years ago, and life took off. Now it makes up just over a fifth of the air. Trevor Cox tells the story of oxygen on earth and in space.

Frances Fyfield is joined by the Soprano Irina Lungu and the musicologist and conductor Nigel Simeone to explore the Manuscript of Verdi's enduringly successful Opera La Traviata. The handwritten score telling the tale of Violetta's noble humility amidst the conventions and hypocrisy of 19th century Paris is held by the Ricordi Archive in Milan. With the kind permission of the Archive and their leading expert Gabriele Dotto, the team get to see the precision and brilliance of a score that contains some of the most familiar music ever to grace an Opera stage. There are also surprising omissions and examples of the striving of a perfectionist.

Producer: Tom Alban.

The latest national and international news from BBC Radio 4.

On this day in 1917, the Archbishop of Canterbury warned, "the Christian Judgement of England is that when we come out of this war, we mean to come out with clean hands", while at St Jude's, Ralph Winwood is still doing penance.

Written by Sebastian Baczkiewicz
Directed by Allegra McIlroy
Editor: Jessica Dromgoole.

Consumer phone-in.

The latest weather forecast.

Analysis of news and current affairs.

When we donate, who are we really benefiting? And does it really matter?

Rory Sutherland explores perhaps the most influential and successful charitable campaign of recent times: the Motor Neurone Disease / ALS Ice Bucket Challenge. Spread virally by social media, yet decried by some as mere vanity and "slacktivism", the campaign nevertheless proved hugely valuable to both the fight against disease, and understanding attitudes to altruism in the age of Facebook.

We hear powerful testimonies from the families who created it, with insights into our attitudes to giving unravelled by experimental psychologist Nichola Raihani, one of the UK's leading experts in altruism.

Producer: Steven Rajam

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Why do certain marketing campaigns - from Nike's "Just Do It" to the MND Ice Bucket Challenge - cast such a spell over us? Rory Sutherland explores the story - and the psychology - behind ten of the most influential campaigns in history - with first-hand accounts from the creative minds that conceived them, and contributions from the worlds of evolutionary biology, behavioural psychology, socio-economics and anthropology.

Marketing. It's come to be one of the most misunderstood - and maligned - disciplines of our age: perceived variously as the Emperor's New Clothes, an emblem of the ills of capitalism, a shadowy dark art designed to steal away our hard-earned money and make us do (or buy, or vote for) things we don't want.

Yet marketing is undeniably a key part of contemporary culture. It's a science that's fundamentally about human behaviour - marketers, to some extent, understand us better than we know ourselves - and in the most successful campaigns we find our deepest emotions and urges, from altruism to shame, hope to bravado, systematically tapped into and drawn upon.

But what are these primal behaviours that the best campaigns evoke in us - and how do they harness them? Is marketing purely about commercial gain or can it underpin real common good and societal progress? And does the discipline manipulate our subconscious instincts and emotions - or simply hold a mirror to them?

Over ten episodes, senior advertising creative and Spectator writer Rory Sutherland unravels the story of some of the most powerful, brilliant and influential campaigns of our age. Set alongside personal testimonies from the brilliant minds that created them, we'll hear from a host of experts - from biologists to philosophers, novelists to economists - about how these campaigns got under our skin and proved to be so influential.

Contributors include: writer and former copywriter Fay Weldon; social behaviourist and expert on altruism Nicola Raihani; Alexander Nix, CEO of big data analysts Cambridge Analytica; philosopher Andy Martin; writer on Islamic issues and advisor to the world's first Islamic branding consultancy, Shelina Janmohamed; and evolutionary psychologist Geoffrey Miler.

Under the brutal rule of the puritanical followers of Maya, Tumanbay, once the most powerful and wealthy city on earth, has become a place of fear and suspicion. While Gregor (Rufus Wright) attempts to survive the regime by collaborating and demonstrating his loyalty, his niece Manel (Aiysha Hart) is drawn to the rebel cause.

Both are playing a deadly game.

Tumanbay is created by John Dryden and Mike Walker and inspired by the Mamluk slave rulers of Egypt.

Original Music by Sacha Puttnam and Jon Ouin

Sound Design by Steve Bond
Sound Edited by James Morgan and Andreina Gomez
Script Edited by Abigail Youngman

Produced by Emma Hearn, Nadir Khan and John Dryden

Written by Mike Walker
Directed by John Dryden

A Goldhawk production for BBC Radio 4.

How long do you reasonably expect your electronic gadgets and clothes to last? Has the cheapening of products meant we're too ready to let them go when they break and buy new? Jheni Osman is sick of things breaking and the energy and resources that went to making them going to waste. She meets those who are fighting back and lengthening the lifecycle of their goods. Around the country those who lack the skills or know-how to fix things are learning how in community parties and online. But some products are now being built so they're difficult or costly to repair. She meets the campaigners who are calling for companies to be upfront about the life expectation of a product alongside the price tag and learns how some companies are offering a 'lifetime product' with repairs and replacements offered if the items break. Is this the way more companies will go or is it commercial suicide?
Can the fulfilment of fixing a laptop or amp transfer to clothing? We hear why we'll only go a certain way to 'make do and mend' but how even retailers, who've been part of the fast fashion fad, are pioneering new techniques to reuse clothes, find new fabrics and make them last longer. Can the new frock feelgood factor translate to making clothes last longer.
Presented by Jheni Osman and Produced by Anne-Marie Bullock.

Michael Rosen and Dr Laura Wright interview the eminent US linguist George Lakoff about the new political words coming out of the US right now, mainly from the alt-right, and the effectiveness of Trump's use of language. George Lakoff is the former Distinguished Professor of Cognitive Science and Linguistics at the University of California at Berkeley. His thesis is that people's lives are significantly influenced by the central metaphors they use, whatever their political beliefs, and that how information is framed is crucial in how it is received.
Producer Beth O'Dea.

The American born Peaches Golding OBE, Bristol's new Lord Lieutenant and first black female High Sheriff chooses the African American politician Shirley Chisholm who ran unsuccessfully for President in 1972 to discuss with Matthew Parris and the historian Dr. Kate Dossett. Chisholm never expected to win but felt strongly that as a woman, and secondly as an African American, it was her duty to enter the Presidential race.

Producer: Maggie Ayre.

Eddie Mair with interviews, context and analysis.

The latest national and international news from BBC Radio 4.

One of Britain's finest comedians, Rob Newman, is our guide on a unique audio odyssey of the brain, taking in everything from love and guilt to robot co-workers and the unlikely importance of prehistoric trousers.

It's a witty, fact-packed series mixing stand-up and sketches, challenging notions of neuroscience with a new theory that's equal parts enlightening and hilarious.

Rob offers an alternative to some of the more bizarre claims in modern popular science, as well as rejigging theories of our brains in light of what we know about nature, artificial intelligence and Belinda Carlisle.

Created by the award-winning team behind Robert Newman's Entirely Accurate Encyclopaedia of Evolution.

Written by and starring Rob Newman
Co-starring Claire Price and Richard McCabe

Producer: Jon Harvey
Executive Producer: Richard Wilson
A Hat Trick production for BBC Radio 4.

Ed's prospects take a hit, and Emma finds an ally.

Arts news, interviews and reviews.

Is it fair to find your own kidney donor on the internet? UK patients who need new organs are using social media to advertise their plight and appeal directly for a Good Samaritan who's willing to share their spare kidney with a stranger.

As Lesley Curwen discovers, the development of such appeals on social media has caused consternation among some in the transplant community. They fear a competition to attract donors amounts to an unsavoury beauty contest, in which only the most plugged-in and tech-savvy can participate.

But for Nicola Pietrzyk from Leicester, turning to social media and Facebook was a no-brainer. Her 11 year old son, Matthew had been spending 12 hours a day on dialysis, waiting for years for a possible donor from the NHS list. She's convinced that if she hadn't launched A Million Likes for a Kidney for Matthew, a kind-hearted stranger would never have offered her son a new kidney, potentially saving his life.

The campaign prompted several prospective donors who weren't a match for Matthew to go on to donate to others and Alison Thornhill tells Lesley Curwen why she went on to do just that.

But the likelihood that individuals, motivated by a particular story on social media, will in fact be a match for their intended recipient is slim, and Lesley hears from transplant teams frustrated that NHS resources are sucked up by high profile campaigns that attract many volunteers, all of whom need to be tested, most of whom won't turn out to be a possible match for the recipient.

Dr Adnan Sharif, consultant nephrologist at Birmingham's Queen Elizabeth Hospital, was closely involved with several high profile media campaigns and he admits that he and his team were at times completely overwhelmed by the demands that multiple volunteers, each offering to donate a kidney to a named individual, placed on the unit.

While he acknowledges that such social media campaigns are legal and after the guidelines were changed, were accepted by the transplant community, he admits to mixed feelings about the outcome. He and his team are delighted for the individual who has a new kidney, but uncomfortable about diverting resources from patients who are waiting for an organ through the traditional routes, from deceased donors or through the NHS Living Donor Scheme where altruistic donors place their trust in the transplant authorities to pick the best match for the kidney they've donated.

So the transplant community in the UK has come to terms with social media campaigns for organs from strangers, even though there's a clear preference for the NHS altruistic donor scheme. But Lesley discovers another internet innovation: websites that allow kidney patients to advertise for a prospective donor, have been frozen out as clinical teams have voted with their feet and refused to deal with them.

An American website, matchingdonors.com, launched in the UK in 2012 and sent policy makers and clinicians in the organ transplant field into multiple huddles.
The final ruling was that websites like this could operate as long as no fees were paid (matchingdonors.com didn't charge UK kidney patients a fee but they do charge $595 to USA patients for a lifetime membership). Over 100 UK patients and over 300 UK donors were registered at the site.

But as Lesley finds out, in five years, not one transplant has happened through this website. Patients told her their transplant teams simply refused to deal with it, and the former chair of the ethics committee of the British Transplantation Society, Professor Vassilios Papalois, argues that clinicians have autonomy and if they're not comfortable with the idea of a matching organ website, they're under no obligation to proceed. He finds the idea of a matching website ethically objectionable, he tells Lesley, and he wouldn't personally sanction it either.

News, views and information for people who are blind or partially sighted.

Claudia Hammond explores the latest developments in the worlds of psychology, neuroscience and mental health.

In-depth reporting and analysis from a global perspective.

The author of the global phenomenon 'The Girl on the Train' returns with 'Into the Water', her addictive new novel of psychological suspense.

A single mother turns up dead at the bottom of the river that runs through town. Earlier in the summer, a vulnerable teenage girl met the same fate. They are not the first women lost to these dark waters, but their deaths disturb the river and its history, dredging up secrets long submerged.

Left behind is a lonely fifteen-year-old girl. Parentless and friendless, she now finds herself in the care of her mother's sister, a fearful stranger who has been dragged back to the place she deliberately ran from-a place to which she vowed she'd never return.

Beware a calm surface-you never know what lies beneath.

Cast: Siân Brooke, Lily Loveless, Arthur Darvill, Lynda Baron, Bryan Dick, Elizabeth Berrington, Natasha Little, Sarah Ridgeway, Kai Alexander and Sean Baker.

Comedy's best kept secret ingredient returns with another series of his own sketch show. In this episode, Kevin Eldon and his all-important cast return with sketches about bunnies, Beethoven, Dylan Thomas and olives. And we finally discover a use for avant-garde German film director Werner Herzog

Kevin Eldon is a comedy phenomenon. He's been in virtually every major comedy show in the last fifteen years, but not content with working with the likes of Chris Morris, Steve Coogan, Armando Iannucci, Harry Enfield and Paul Whitehouse, Stewart Lee, Julia Davis and Graham Linehan, he's also created his own comedy series for BBC Radio 4.

After all the waiting - Kevin Eldon Will See You Now.

Also starring Amelia Bullmore (I'm Alan Partridge, Scott & Bailey), Julia Davis (Nighty Night), Paul Putner (Little Britain), Justin Edwards (The Thick Of It), David Reed (The Penny Dreadfuls) and Rosie Cavaliero (Alan Partridge, Harry and Paul).

Written by Kevin Eldon with additional material by Jason Hazeley and Joel Morris (A Touch Of Cloth and, yes, those modern Ladybird books)

Original music by Martin Bird
Produced and directed by David Tyler

A Pozzitive production for BBC Radio 4.

Clarence was a promising trumpet player who was paralysed after a car accident as he drove to his brother's stag do. He has kept his musical career alive thanks to advances in technology. A special head-set allows him to select notes via an on-screen cursor and a twist of the neck, while blowing into a tube plays the note and tilting his head varies the volume. Adoo was able to make music again - and in 2012 became one of the founder members of the British Paraorchestra.

In this special edition of No Triumph, No Tragedy, Peter White talks to him about his early years in foster care and the coronet he was given as a six year old in church. He loved music from the off and made a successful career as a trumpet player before his accident. London 2012 marked just how far he had come since his accident and as all eyes turn to the Rio Paralympics he reflects on his own development and his hopes for the future as the Games get under-way.

The latest national and international news from BBC Radio 4. Followed by Weather.

The latest shipping forecast.

The latest shipping forecast.

The latest news from BBC Radio 4.

A reading and a reflection to start the day, with George Craig, a retired senior civil servant and a Methodist local preacher in Cardiff.

The latest news about food, farming and the countryside.

Tweet of the Day is a series of fascinating stories about our British birds inspired by their calls and songs. David Attenborough presents the extraordinary duet between cellist Beatrice Harrison and a nightingale recorded live as an outside broadcast and the first broadcast of any wild animal not in captivity.

News and current affairs. Including Sports Desk, Yesterday in Parliament, Weather, Thought for the Day.

The cultural conversation continues as another pair of artists shoot the artistic breeze.

In the final episode of his series challenging conventional thinking about sport, Simon Barnes argues that it is not about nationalism, or indeed tribalism of any kind. Instead, Simon welcomes you to join him as a member, or at least a visitor, to the nation of excellence.

Simon talks to Martina Navratilova about the modern shift towards supporting a national champion, and why this matters in sport; he laments the loss of second rate British teams at the Olympics; and maintains that excellence on the level of Usain Bolt's sprinting, Fu Mingxia's diving or Federer's otherworldly tennis can touch us profoundly.

Producer: Giles Edwards.

The inside story of twelve years at the helm of Britain's greatest theatre. It is a story of lunatic failures and spectacular successes such as The History Boys, War Horse and One Man, Two Guvnors; of opening the doors of the National Theatre to a broader audience than ever before, and changing the public's perception of what theatre is for.

It is about probing Shakespeare from every angle and reinventing the classics. About fostering new talent and directing some of the most celebrated actors of our times. Its cast includes the likes of Alan Bennett, Maggie Smith, Mike Leigh, Daniel Day-Lewis, Michael Gambon and Helen Mirren.

Intimate, candid and insightful, Balancing Acts is a passionate exploration of the art and alchemy of making theatre.

Today Hynter describes his fecund creative relationship with Alan Bennett. How they came to meet and the incredible performances they created together. He remembers fondly their highly successful play 'The History Boys', and how it was brought to life.

Written and read by Nicholas Hytner
Produced by Simon Richardson.

Programme that offers a female perspective on the world.

In the 8th series of 'How Does That Make You Feel?' Martha's clients have made few changes to their circumstances.

Caroline is mildly relieved that her husband has finally left the house for good. But although her motivational and dietary blog is going well, she is feeling a gap in her life.

Shelagh Stephenson is the author of Radio 4's 'A Short History of Longing' and 'Guests Are Like Fish'. She is an Olivier Award winner for her play 'The Memory of Water' and has won Sony and Writer's Guild awards for her plays 'Darling Peidi' and 'Five Kinds of Silence'.

Writer ..... Shelagh Stephenson
Producer ..... Eoin O'Callaghan
Director ..... Eoin O'Callaghan.

Asha and her adoptive father consider how her Indian roots affect her identification with family and community. Fi Glover presents another conversation in the series that proves it's surprising what you hear when you listen.

Producer: Marya Burgess.

When an International Librarians' Conference looms, Alice and Snoo have to resort to some rather unconventional methods to get hold of a passport - methods that include a thousand hummingbirds, some over-tight jeans and a hilarious anagram.

Meet Alice (Rebecca Front) - a former child prodigy who won a place at Oxford aged 9 but, because Daddy went too, she never needed to have any friends. She's scared of everything. Everything that is except libraries and Snoo (Morwenna Banks) - a slightly confused individual with a have-a-go attitude to life, marriage, haircuts and reality. Snoo loves books, and fully intends to read one one day.

And forever popping into the library is Dr Cadogan (Michael Fenton-Stevens) - celebrity doctor to the stars and a man with his finger in every pie. Charming, indiscreet and quite possibly wanted by Interpol, if you want a discrete nip and tuck and then photos of it accidentally left on the photocopier, Dr Cadogan is your man.

Their happy life is interrupted by the arrival of Simon Nielson (Ben Willbond), a man with a mission - a mission to close down inefficient libraries. Fortunately, he hates his mission. What he really wants to do is once - just once - get even with his inexhaustible supply of high-achieving brothers.

Written by Morwenna Banks and Rebecca Front
Based on an idea developed with Armando Iannucci

Produced by David Tyler
A Pozzitive production for BBC Radio 4.

The latest national and international news from BBC Radio 4.

On this day in 1917, ace British pilot Leefe Robinson was captured, and in Folkestone, Howard Argent happily surrenders.

Written by Sebastian Baczkiewicz
Directed by Allegra McIlroy
Editor: Jessica Dromgoole.

Consumer affairs programme.

The latest weather forecast.

Analysis of news and current affairs.

Rory Sutherland looks at advertising's often harmful portrayal of women, and explores how the aspiration to show "real beauty" can be reconciled with real profit.

In 2004, Unilever unveiled a marketing campaign that went against every received norm of the beauty industry. Instead of images of skinny, retouched, fashion models, the "Dove Campaign For Real Beauty" showcased women of every age, colour, shape and size - acknowledging the artifice, and psychological harm, of generations of fashion and cosmetics ads.

But can a campaign that empowers women's "real beauty" be trusted: when its ultimate aim is to sell you more stuff? Rory discusses how and why the industry represents women the way it does with writer and comedian Sara Pascoe, with contributions from evolutionary psychologist Geoffrey Miller, and marketing executive Daryl Fielding, who helped mastermind the original Dove campaign.

Producer: Steven Rajam

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Why do certain marketing campaigns - from Nike's "Just Do It" to the MND Ice Bucket Challenge - cast such a spell over us? Rory Sutherland explores the story - and the psychology - behind ten of the most influential campaigns in history - with first-hand accounts from the creative minds that conceived them, and contributions from the worlds of evolutionary biology, behavioural psychology, socio-economics and anthropology.

Marketing. It's come to be one of the most misunderstood - and maligned - disciplines of our age: perceived variously as the Emperor's New Clothes, an emblem of the ills of capitalism, a shadowy dark art designed to steal away our hard-earned money and make us do (or buy, or vote for) things we don't want.

Yet marketing is undeniably a key part of contemporary culture. It's a science that's fundamentally about human behaviour - marketers, to some extent, understand us better than we know ourselves - and in the most successful campaigns we find our deepest emotions and urges, from altruism to shame, hope to bravado, systematically tapped into and drawn upon.

But what are these primal behaviours that the best campaigns evoke in us - and how do they harness them? Is marketing purely about commercial gain or can it underpin real common good and societal progress? And does the discipline manipulate our subconscious instincts and emotions - or simply hold a mirror to them?

Over ten episodes, senior advertising creative and Spectator writer Rory Sutherland unravels the story of some of the most powerful, brilliant and influential campaigns of our age. Set alongside personal testimonies from the brilliant minds that created them, we'll hear from a host of experts - from biologists to philosophers, novelists to economists - about how these campaigns got under our skin and proved to be so influential.

Contributors include: writer and former copywriter Fay Weldon; social behaviourist and expert on altruism Nicola Raihani; Alexander Nix, CEO of big data analysts Cambridge Analytica; philosopher Andy Martin; writer on Islamic issues and advisor to the world's first Islamic branding consultancy, Shelina Janmohamed; and evolutionary psychologist Geoffrey Miler.

Lord Byron is holed up in a ramshackle guesthouse in Sintra, Portugal, hiding from jealous Venetian husbands and waiting for more funds to arrive from England. He is determined to live frugally and resist the promptings of Venus for a month at least.

His impertinent Australian valet Collins is his only companion - until he meets an Englishman, young Lord Squeaky and his buxom but irritating sister Melinda. Byron's mathematician ex-wife turns up, intent on escorting him back to England and having a hole bored in his head (a contemporary treatment for errant husbands deemed to be insane).

While fending off his ex at every turn, Byron cultivates the acquaintance of the Squeakys and, through them, he is invited to the Royal Court, where he falls violently in love with the Infanta Elsanta. The Infanta Elsanta has a reputation for piety but Byron plans to rescue her from the dismal destiny of a nunnery by practicing his famous fascination techniques and ultimately eloping.

A Little Brother production for BBC Radio 4.

Financial phone-in.

Sociological discussion programme, presented by Laurie Taylor.

Topical programme about the fast-changing media world.